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1.
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Dna Barcoding Of Pakistan Avian Families (Sturnidae & Columbidae)

by Emma Umar | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Muhammad | Ms. Saeeda Kalsoom.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1515,T] (1).

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2.
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Genetic And Evolutionary Characterization Of Pakistani Pigeons And Parrots Through Mitochondrial D-

by Sehrish firyal | Dr. Ali raza awan | Prof, Dr. Aftab | Prof, Dr. Tahir yaqub.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1873,T] (1).

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3.
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Study Of Genetic Association Of Pax Gene To Waardenburg Syndrome In Pakistani Patients

by Huma Tabassam | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Miss. Sehtish Faryal | Mrs. Shagufta.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: drama Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Waardenburg syndrome is an auditory-pigmentary disorder that combines clinical features of pigmentary abnormalities of the skin, hair and irides, sensorineural hearing loss, and Hirschsprung disease. Patients with WS have been shown to have mutations in the PAX gene as well as in other genes. In the present study, the locus specific polymorphisms of human PAX gene isolated from healthy and diseased Pakistani individuals was investigated for genetic association of the polymorphism with the Waardenburg syndrome. Mutation in PAX gene was identified from Pakistani patients with Waardenburg syndrome. For the purpose, blood samples of patients suffering from Waardenburg syndrome were collected from different hospitals. DNA was isolated from WBCs suspended in the preserved samples using standard organic DNA extraction protocol. Primers were designed using Primer3 programme. PCR conditions were optimized and mutation discovery was performed on all DNA samples. Analysis of the sequences and mutations was done with the help of appropriate bioinformatics softwares. Analysis of the variable sites revealed T?C transitions, (mutations) at position number 244 was found in exon 2 of the gene. All 17 patients exhibit this mutation at the same position. Results of normal patients where there was no change found and PAX3 gene is not mentioned as it was not significant to mention. PAX gene has not been studied in the Pakistani patients earlier. The mutational investigation and association study will help to understand the genetic basis of the Waardenburg syndrome not only in Pakistan but it will also contribute to the global efforts to understand the human genetics. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1359,T] (1).

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4.
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Association Of Genetic Polymarphism Of Cyp 2D6 Gene With Generalized Tonic Clonic Seizures In Pakistani Ptients

by Rana Manzoor Ahmad | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Prof. Dr.Masroor Elahi Babar.

Material type: book Book; Format: print Publisher: 2011Dissertation note: Epilepsy is chronic neurological disorder in which hyperexcitibilty of neurons cause seizures. It is a serious disorder as there is an association between the increased mortality and epilepsy. The etiology of epilepsy can be genetic. There are two main types of epilepsy, partial and generalized. These two types are further categorized into different type of seizures. Its prevalence is more in developing countries like Pakistan. The generalized tonic clonic seizure (GTCS) is a type of epilepsy prevelant in Pakistan. Cytochrome P450 (CYP2D6) enzyme has been reported to be associated with GTCS. CYP2D6 is encoded by a 4.6 kb gene named as CYP2D6. This is a highly polymorphic gene having 09 exons. In this study CYP2D6 gene (exon 1-5) was characterized for polymorphism and the polymorphism was evaluated for asssociation with GTCS in Pakistani patients. Patient data and blood samples of different epilepsy patients were collected. DNA was isolated by inorganic method. PCR amplification was used for amplification of CYP2D6 (exon 1-5) and sequencing was performed on ABI 3130 XL Genetic analyzer. Two mutations, 214 G>C and 232 G>C in intron1 of CYP2D6 gene have been found. These mutations were only found in Pakistani patients suffering with GTCS. Absence of these mutations in 10 healthy individuals (control group) confirmed association of these mutations with GTCS. This outcome of study will help to add information in international gene data. The mutations found in this study will also lead to gene therapy of GTCS, genetic counseling and develop prenatal diagonastic tests. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1390,T] (1).

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5.
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Association Of Katg Gene With Isoniazid Resistance In Multiple Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

by Farouk Qamar Malik | Dr. Ali Raza Awan | Prof. Dr.Masroor Elahi Babar.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: drama Publisher: 2012Dissertation note: TB has been announced as a global emerg~ncy of this millennium. It is one of the leading causes of death among adults due to a single infectious agent. Pakistan is sixth among the twenty two Eastern Mediterranean Region countries with the highest burden of disease which is approximately 181 per 100,000. The emergence of drug resistant MTB poses a serious threat to the ongoing efforts to control the disease epidemic. Drug resistance to the first line drugs such as INH and RIF needs to be investigated. In this respect the role of various genes conferring resistance should be studied to find better treatment alternatives. The current practice of drug sensitivity testing requiring approximately three weeks (total turnaround time for MTB culture and sensitivity is around 90 days) is time consuming and a major cause of treatment delay. In this research sputum samples were collected in wide mouth transparent containers from suspected TB patients. After decontamination samples were inoculated onto LJ medium. The colonies grown on the slopes were identified as MTB by standard biochemical test. Isolates were tested on LJ medium for in vitro DST (Drug Sensitivity Testing). MDR was described as resistance to INH and RIF with or without resistance to other drugs. DNA was extracted from the grown samples using kit method. After extraction of DNA, the region from base 2714 to 3232 of katG gene was amplified through peR and the amplified products were sequenced. Analysis of the DNA sequences and mutations was done with the help of BLAST - alignment software. A total of 24 MDR MTB samples were sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed the reported mutation Ser - Thr in katG codon 315 in five samples (21 percent of the total sample size). In this study, an authentic molecular analysis (test) was developed and validated for identification of INH resistant strains in Pakistani population. By studying genetic mutations in katG gene and its association With INH resistance, an alternative can be provided whereby specimens can be tested for these mutations and timely decisions taken. This will not only save the patients from unnecessary treatment delays but will also prevent the administration of drugs to which MTB is resistant and in the long run decrease drug resistance and disease burden. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1402,T] (1).

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6.
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Genetic Characterization Of Livestock Species Of Pakistan Through Dna Barcoding

by Madiha Booter | Dr.Ali Raza Awan | Dr. Abu saeed | Dr. Muhammad Imran.

Material type: book Book; Format: print ; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: The interaction of livestock with ecosystem plays a vital role in sustainability of life. The demand of livestock products is rising day by day which is changing the relationship between livestock and natural resources. Livestock animals are playing a major role towards domestication and also contributing to fulfill human needs through meat and milk production for food industry, which generate big revenues. Pakistan is blessed with the world's best livestock species and there is a need to establish a well characterized system for the classification and identification of these important livestock species. Mitochondrial DNA is of small size, constitutes a small fraction of the total of cell's genome and due to high rate of mutation, it is considered to be an ideal model to study evolutionary relationships. DNA barcoding is being used to characterize animals by using a standard region of mitochondrial DNA as a molecular marker. The study is designed to develop the DNA barcode for genetic characterization of livestock species of Pakistan which includes sheep, goat, cow, buffalo and camel. Blood samples were collected from the selected livestock species. Primers were designed using primer designing free-ware software. The amplified PCR products weresequenced in both orientations by chain termination method. For data analysis,Chromas was used to read sequencing results. To study variation in all sequenced data, alignment tools were used from NCBI. Theblastnalignment tool available at NCBI is more reliable to give authentic results.The alignment results showed 100% homology with the reference sequences (No SNP or mutation was identified). The results can further be validated with the help of mass level sampling to rationalize the study at population level.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that COIDNA barcode region can be used to discriminate unknown samples of any of the species under consideration. The COIgene successfully cladded already reported sequences of the same species. This study provided genetic data which help in species identification, to assess evolutionary pattern and genetic diversity. So, it will also be helpful to monitor legal or illegal trade of livestock species and to identify processed and unprocessed meat for quality assurance. Establishment of an elaborated DNA barcode system for livestock species will help to start taxonomic investigation and will lead towards to identify many new mammalian species of Pakistan. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1752,T] (1).

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